Principle of the Assay: The immunoenzymatic determination of antibodies against Entamoeba histolytica is based on the ELISA (Enzyme-linked Irmnunosorbent Assay) technique. Especially asymptomatic carriers and cases of a previous non-invasive amoebiasis may be identified. Microtiter strip wells are pre coated with Entamoeba histolytica antigens to bind corresponding antibodies of the sample. After washing the wells to remove all unbound sample material horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labelled Protein A Conjugate is added. ThiS conjugate binds to the captured Entamoeba hlstolytlca specifiC antibodies. The immune complex formed by the bound conjugate is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzldine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product. The intensity of thiS product is proportional to the amount of Entamoeba histolytica speCific antibodies in the sample. Acidic solution is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint color. Absorbance at 450 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader!!Background/Introduction: Entamoeba histolytlca is an anaerobe parasite forming cysts which have four small nuclei and measure 10w 15 IJm in diameter. The cysts are sturdy and resist adverse environmental conditIons. After ingestion by a susceptible host (invertebrates and vertebrates including humans), its wall is disrupted by the formation of a small opening through which an amoeba emerges. The amoeba divides serially through three cycles giving rise to eight uninucleate trophozoites from one cyst which are motile and measure 20-30 IJm in diameter. Some of the trophozoites then invade the tissues of the large Intestine and may erode them so extensively that they gam entrance into the bloodstream. Thus, amoebae can reach all parts of the body. Infection with Entamoeba histolytica has worldwide distribution. It is the causative agent of amoebiasis and amoebic dysentery and inhabits the lumen and mucosa of the large intestine, predominantly the transverse colon and cecum. Extra intestinal amoebiasis can afflict any organ or tissue. The majority of infected individuals are free of symptoms; this high Incidence of asymptomatic carriers complicates matters. Those who are symptomatic experience a wide range of manifestations. Members of all age groups and both sexes are Infected. The risk of infection increases with inadequate sanitary conditions, An increased prevalence of amoebiaSIS IS found among people, who have an increased risk of exposure in the a ricultural occupations and in male homosexuals.
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
This antimicrobial gene is one of several chemokine genes clustered on the q-arm of chromosome 17. Chemokines form a superfamily of secreted proteins involved in immunoregulatory and inflammatory processes. The superfamily is divided into four subfamilies based on the arrangement of the N-terminal cysteine residues of the mature peptide. This chemokine, a member of the CC subfamily, displays chemotactic activity for eosinophils, but not mononuclear cells or neutrophils. This eosinophil-specific chemokine is thought to be involved in eosinophilic inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, asthma and parasitic infections. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
Uniprot Description
CCL11: In response to the presence of allergens, this protein directly promotes the accumulation of eosinophils, a prominent feature of allergic inflammatory reactions. Binds to CCR3. Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.
Protein type: Secreted, signal peptide; Secreted; Motility/polarity/chemotaxis
Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 17q12
Cellular Component: extracellular region; extracellular space; intracellular
Molecular Function: CCR chemokine receptor binding; chemokine activity; protein binding
Biological Process: actin filament organization; cell adhesion; cellular calcium ion homeostasis; chemotaxis; chronic inflammatory response; cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis; eosinophil chemotaxis; G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway; inflammatory response; lymphocyte chemotaxis; mast cell chemotaxis; monocyte chemotaxis; neutrophil chemotaxis; positive regulation of actin filament polymerization; positive regulation of angiogenesis; positive regulation of cell migration; positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; positive regulation of GTPase activity; positive regulation of inflammatory response; protein amino acid phosphorylation; regulation of cell shape; response to radiation; response to virus; signal transduction
Disease: Asthma, Susceptibility To; Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1, Susceptibility To
Research Articles on CCL11
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Product Notes
The CCL11 ccl11 (Catalog #AAA495260) is an ELISA Kit and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "Eotaxin, ELISA Kit" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
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