S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4 Active Protein | S100A4 active protein

S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4, Recombinant, Mouse (S100A4)

Cat. Num. AAA637249

• Gene Names: S100A4; 42A; 18A2; CAPL; FSP1; MTS1; P9KA; PEL98
• Purity: Highly Purified; 95%, as determined by SDS-PAGE and visualized by silver stain.
• Synonyms: S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4; Recombinant; Mouse (S100A4); S100A4 active protein

• Purity/Purification: Highly Purified; 95%, as determined by SDS-PAGE and visualized by silver stain.
• Form/Format: Supplied as a lyophilized powder in PBS, 1mM DTT.

• Activity: Measured by its ability to induce neurite outgrowth from E13 chick dorsal root ganglia neurons. Immobilized rhS100A4 (at a 3 L droplet containing 90 ng) on nitrocellulose-coated microplate is sufficient to significantly enhance neurite outgrowth.
• Endotoxin Level: < 1.0 EU per 1 g of the protein as determined by the LAL method.
• Reconstitution: It is recommended that sterile PBS be added to the vial to prepare a working stock solution of no less than 100ug/ml. The carrier-free protein should be used immediately upon reconstitution to avoid losses in activity due to non-specific binding to the inside surface of the vial. For long term storage as a dilute solution, a carrier protein (e.g. 0.1% HSA or BSA) should be added to the vial.
• Preparation and Storage: Lyophilized samples are stable for up to twelve months at -20 degree C. Upon reconstitution, this protein, in the presence of a carrier protein, can be stored under sterile conditions at 2 degree -8 degree C for one month or at -20 degree C in a manual defrost freezer for three months without detectable loss of activity. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Related Product Information for S100A4 active protein

S100A4 (also metastasin, Mtsl and calvasculin) is an 11 kD member of the S100 (soluble in 100% saturated ammonium sulfate) family of proteins (1-5). The S100 family is a further classified as a member of the EF-hand superfamily of Ca++ -binding proteins. These participate in both calcium-dependent and calcium-independent protein-protein interactions. The hallmark of this superfamily is the EF-hand motif that consists of a Ca++ -binding site flanked by two -helices (helix E and helix F) that were originally identified in a right-handed model of carp muscle calcium-binding protein (6). Mouse S100A4 is 101 amino acids (aa) in length (1, 2). It contains two EF hand domains, one between aa # 12-47, and a second between aa # 50-85. The first domain has a 14 aa cation-binding motif and binds Ca++ with low affinity. The second Ca++ -binding motif is 12 aa in length and binds Ca++ with high affinity. S100A4 has no classical signal sequence but is secreted from cells (3, 7). Mouse S100A4 shares 93%, 96% and 89% aa identity with human, rat and dog S100A4, respectively. S100A4 exists as dimer (8, 9, 10). Extracellular S100A4 is reported to induce MMP production, activate MMPs, promote neurite outgrowth and stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation (4, 10, 11, 12, 13). Within the cell, dimers are likely the functional unit. Here, they are constitutive homo- or heterodimers (with S100A1) that interact with Ca++, undergo a conformational change, and subsequently bind to cytoplasmic targets. Known targets include p53, myosin heavy chain II, F-actin and liprin 1 (4, 14). In general, it can be said that S100A4 blocks target phosphorylation and multimerization (4, 7, 14). S100A4 activity has been associated with cell transformation. It seems likely this is either coincidental, or a consequence, rather than a cause of transformation (3).

Product Categories/Family for S100A4 active protein

Molecular Biology; MB-Calcium Binding Proteins

NCBI and Uniprot Product Information

• NCBI GI #: 37515271
• NCBI GeneID: 6275
• UniProt Accession #: P26447; Q6ICP8; A8K7R8; D3DV46
• Molecular Weight: The non-methionyl form of recombinant human S100-A4 contains 106 amino acids and has a predicted molecular mass of 12.4 kD.
• NCBI Official Full Name: S100 calcium binding protein A4
• NCBI Official Synonym Full Names: S100 calcium binding protein A4
• NCBI Official Symbol: S100A4
• NCBI Official Synonym Symbols: 42A; 18A2; CAPL; FSP1; MTS1; P9KA; PEL98
• NCBI Protein Information: protein S100-A4; protein Mts1; fibroblast-specific protein-1; placental calcium-binding protein; malignant transformation suppression 1; leukemia multidrug resistance associated protein; S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (calcium protein, calvasculin, metastasin, murine placental homolog)
• UniProt Protein Name: Protein S100-A4
• Protein Family: Protein
• UniProt Gene Name: S100A4
• UniProt Synonym Gene Names: CAPL; MTS1
• UniProt Entry Name: S10A4_HUMAN

NCBI Description

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Uniprot Description

S100A4: is a member of the S100 family of proteins containing 2 EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. This protein may function in motility, invasion, and tubulin polymerization. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered expression of this gene have been implicated in tumor metastasis. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Protein type: Motility/polarity/chemotaxis

Chromosomal Location of Human Ortholog: 1q21

Cellular Component: extracellular space; neuron projection; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; nucleus

Molecular Function: identical protein binding; protein binding; RAGE receptor binding; calcium ion binding; actin binding; calcium-dependent protein binding

Biological Process: positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade; epithelial to mesenchymal transition