Western Blot/Blotting
(Western analysis of Chk1 protein in the indicated cell lines. Sheep polyclonal antibody was used at 1:500 dilution.)
Sheep chk 1 kinase Polyclonal Antibody | anti-CHEK1 antibody
chk 1 kinase
Western Blot/Blotting
(Western analysis of Chk1 protein in the indicated cell lines. Sheep polyclonal antibody was used at 1:500 dilution.)
Western Blot/Blotting
(Western analysis of Chk1 protein in the indicated cell lines. Sheep polyclonal antibody was used at 1:500 dilution.)
NCBI and Uniprot Product Information
NCBI Description
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. It is required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage or the presence of unreplicated DNA. This protein acts to integrate signals from ATM and ATR, two cell cycle proteins involved in DNA damage responses, that also associate with chromatin in meiotic prophase I. Phosphorylation of CDC25A protein phosphatase by this protein is required for cells to delay cell cycle progression in response to double-strand DNA breaks. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]
Uniprot Description
Function: Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest and activation of DNA repair in response to the presence of DNA damage or unreplicated DNA. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles. This regulation is achieved by a number of mechanisms that together help to preserve the integrity of the genome. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [R-X-X-S/T]. Binds to and phosphorylates CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-178' and 'Thr-507' and phosphorylation of CDC25C at 'Ser-216' creates binding sites for 14-3-3 proteins which inhibit CDC25A and CDC25C. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-76', 'Ser-124', 'Ser-178', 'Ser-279' and 'Ser-293' promotes proteolysis of CDC25A. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-76' primes the protein for subsequent phosphorylation at 'Ser-79', 'Ser-82' and 'Ser-88' by NEK11, which is required for polyubiquitination and degradation of CDCD25A. Inhibition of CDC25 leads to increased inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDK-cyclin complexes and blocks cell cycle progression. Also phosphorylates NEK6. Binds to and phosphorylates RAD51 at 'Thr-309', which promotes the release of RAD51 from BRCA2 and enhances the association of RAD51 with chromatin, thereby promoting DNA repair by homologous recombination. Phosphorylates multiple sites within the C-terminus of TP53, which promotes activation of TP53 by acetylation and promotes cell cycle arrest and suppression of cellular proliferation. Also promotes repair of DNA cross-links through phosphorylation of FANCE. Binds to and phosphorylates TLK1 at 'Ser-743', which prevents the TLK1-dependent phosphorylation of the chromatin assembly factor ASF1A. This may enhance chromatin assembly both in the presence or absence of DNA damage. May also play a role in replication fork maintenance through regulation of PCNA. May regulate the transcription of genes that regulate cell-cycle progression through the phosphorylation of histones. Phosphorylates histone H3.1 (to form H3T11ph), which leads to epigenetic inhibition of a subset of genes. May also phosphorylate RB1 to promote its interaction with the E2F family of transcription factors and subsequent cell cycle arrest. Ref.1 Ref.11 Ref.14 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.25 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.38 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45 Ref.48 Ref.49 Ref.50 Ref.52 Ref.56 Ref.59Isoform 2: Endogenous repressor of isoform 1, interacts with, and antagonizes CHK1 to promote the S to G2/M phase transition. Ref.1 Ref.11 Ref.14 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.23 Ref.25 Ref.27 Ref.29 Ref.32 Ref.34 Ref.38 Ref.40 Ref.41 Ref.42 Ref.43 Ref.44 Ref.45 Ref.48 Ref.49 Ref.50 Ref.52 Ref.56 Ref.59
Catalytic activity: ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.
Enzyme regulation: Activated through phosphorylation predominantly by ATR but also by ATM in response to DNA damage or inhibition of DNA replication. Activation is modulated by several mediators including CLSPN, BRCA1 and FEM1B.
Subunit structure: Interacts (phosphorylated by ATR) with RAD51. Interacts with and phosphorylates CLSPN, an adapter protein that regulates the ATR-dependent phosphorylation of CHEK1. Interacts with BRCA1. Interacts with and phosphorylates CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C. Interacts with FBXO6, which regulates CHEK1. Interacts with PPM1D, which regulates CHEK1 through dephosphorylation. Interacts with TIMELESS; DNA damage-dependent. Interacts with FEM1B; activates CHEK1 in response to stress. Interacts with TLK1. Interacts with XPO1 and YWHAZ. Isoform 1 associates with isoform 2, the interaction is disrupted upon phosphorylation by ATR. Ref.1 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.28 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.39 Ref.40 Ref.43 Ref.54 Ref.57
Subcellular location: Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › centrosome. Note: Nuclear export is mediated at least in part by XPO1/CRM1. Also localizes to the centrosome specifically during interphase, where it may protect centrosomal CDC2 kinase from inappropriate activation by cytoplasmic CDC25B. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.19 Ref.26 Ref.34 Ref.36
Tissue specificity: Expressed ubiquitously with the most abundant expression in thymus, testis, small intestine and colon. Ref.1 Ref.2
Domain: The autoinhibitory region (AIR) inhibits the activity of the kinase domain. Ref.33
Post-translational modification: Phosphorylated by ATR in a RAD17-dependent manner in response to ultraviolet irradiation and inhibition of DNA replication. Phosphorylated by ATM in response to ionizing irradiation. ATM and ATR can both phosphorylate Ser-317 and Ser-345 and this results in enhanced kinase activity. Phosphorylation at Ser-345 induces a change in the conformation of the protein, activates the kinase activity and is a prerequisite for interaction with FBXO6 and subsequent ubiquitination at Lys-436. Phosphorylation at Ser-345 also increases binding to 14-3-3 proteins and promotes nuclear retention. Conversely, dephosphorylation at Ser-345 by PPM1D may contribute to exit from checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest. Phosphorylation at Ser-280 by AKT1/PKB, may promote mono and/or diubiquitination. Also phosphorylated at undefined residues during mitotic arrest, resulting in decreased activity. Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.33 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.41 Ref.54Ubiquitinated. Mono or diubiquitination promotes nuclear exclusion
By similarity. The activated form (phosphorylated on Ser-345) is polyubiquitinated at Lys-436 by some SCF-type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing FBXO6 promoting its degradation. Ubiquitination and degradation are required to terminate the checkpoint and ensure that activated CHEK1 does not accumulate as cells progress through S phase, when replication forks encounter transient impediments during normal DNA replication. Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.18 Ref.21 Ref.22 Ref.24 Ref.25 Ref.26 Ref.31 Ref.32 Ref.33 Ref.35 Ref.37 Ref.41 Ref.54
Sequence similarities: Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinase family. NIM1 subfamily.Contains 1 protein kinase domain.
Research Articles on CHEK1
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Product Notes
The CHEK1 chek1 (Catalog #AAA395671) is an Antibody produced from Sheep and is intended for research purposes only. The product is available for immediate purchase. The chk 1 kinase reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey and may cross-react with other species as described in the data sheet. AAA Biotech's chk 1 kinase can be used in a range of immunoassay formats including, but not limited to, Western Blot (WB), Immunoprecipitation (IP). Researchers should empirically determine the suitability of the CHEK1 chek1 for an application not listed in the data sheet. Researchers commonly develop new applications and it is an integral, important part of the investigative research process. It is sometimes possible for the material contained within the vial of "chk 1 kinase, Polyclonal Antibody" to become dispersed throughout the inside of the vial, particularly around the seal of said vial, during shipment and storage. We always suggest centrifuging these vials to consolidate all of the liquid away from the lid and to the bottom of the vial prior to opening. Please be advised that certain products may require dry ice for shipping and that, if this is the case, an additional dry ice fee may also be required.Precautions
All products in the AAA Biotech catalog are strictly for research-use only, and are absolutely not suitable for use in any sort of medical, therapeutic, prophylactic, in-vivo, or diagnostic capacity. By purchasing a product from AAA Biotech, you are explicitly certifying that said products will be properly tested and used in line with industry standard. AAA Biotech and its authorized distribution partners reserve the right to refuse to fulfill any order if we have any indication that a purchaser may be intending to use a product outside of our accepted criteria.Disclaimer
Though we do strive to guarantee the information represented in this datasheet, AAA Biotech cannot be held responsible for any oversights or imprecisions. AAA Biotech reserves the right to adjust any aspect of this datasheet at any time and without notice. It is the responsibility of the customer to inform AAA Biotech of any product performance issues observed or experienced within 30 days of receipt of said product. To see additional details on this or any of our other policies, please see our Terms & Conditions page.Item has been added to Shopping Cart
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